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PRAXIS II Teaching Foundations: Science Exam
The PRAXIS II Teaching Foundations: Science Exam is taken by candidates interested in teaching middle and high school students the foundations of science. The exam is intended for California teachers. There are 50 multiple choice and two written response questions are included on the exam. One written response question covers teaching high school methodology at the high school level - the other question covers teaching middle school methodology. Multiple choice questions cover classroom management, student assessment, reading instruction, English language learners, special needs, learning differences, and human development.
The Science Teaching Methodology at the High School and Junior High School Level section of the exam covers student progress throughout instruction, development of reading skills in math, and strategies for teaching English language learners. This section also includes modification of instructional materials and approaches; instruction for special needs students; resources, activities, and instructional strategies; and sequencing and prioritizing of content and skills for instruction.
The Classroom Management section of the exam covers maximizing instructional time, routine task procedures, student discipline plans, developing expectations for students' social and academic behavior, and using social environments to maximize academic accomplishments.
The Student Assessment section of the exam covers informal and formal student assessments, behavioral and academic strengths, assessment interpretations, and instructional modification.
The Reading Instruction section of the exam covers instructional strategies that enhance reading appreciation, reading comprehension, written and oral English language skills and organizational patterns, literary response, text analysis, vocabulary growth, fluency, and word analysis.
The Teaching English Learners section of the exam covers evaluation of student writing; comprehension and development of academic language; and cultural, cognitive, and individual influences on student language acquisition.
The Special Needs and Learning Differences section of the exam covers instructional strategies for special needs, the impact of health on learning and behavior, learning styles, cultural expectations, gender differences, learning disabilities, behavioral and emotional disabilities, mental retardation, talented and gifted students, sensory, medical and physical challenges, and visual and perceptual challenges of the exceptional student.
The Human Development section of the exam covers social, emotional, physical, moral, cognitive, and physical development of adolescents; academic challenges; development of abstract thinking skills; and instructional activities that extend beyond high school.